MySQL binlog 설정 및 삭제, 복구

1. 명령어 경로

1. bin로그 설정

1) my.cnf 수정을 통한 설정

# vi /etc/my.cnf log-bin=[bin로그 파일명] max_binlog_size=[bin로그 하나 당 설정한 용량만큼 저장 후 로테이션] expire_logs_days=[보관기간] ex) log-bin=mysql-bin max_binlog_size=1G expire_logs_days=30

2) mysql 콘솔에서 설정

# mysql -uroot -p > set global expire_logs_days=3; > show variables like '%expire%';

2. bin로그 삭제

# mysql -uroot -p > show binary logs; \\ 쌓여있는  binary log 확인 > purge master logs to 'mysql-bin.***'; \\ 지정된 binary 를 제외한 "이전"의 바이너리로그 파일 모두 삭제 > show binary logs; \\ 쌓여있는  binary log 확인

cf) binarylog 옵션 확인

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog Ver 3.3 for unknown-linux-gnu at x86_64 Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Dumps a MySQL binary log in a format usable for viewing or for piping to the mysql command line client. Usage: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog [options] log-files   -?, --help          Display this help and exit.   --base64-output[=name]                        Determine when the output statements should be                       base64-encoded BINLOG statements: 'never' disables it and                       works only for binlogs without row-based events;                       'decode-rows' decodes row events into commented SQL                       statements if the --verbose option is also given; 'auto'                       prints base64 only when necessary (i.e., for row-based                       events and format description events); 'always' prints                       base64 whenever possible. 'always' is for debugging only                       and should not be used in a production system. If this                       argument is not given, the default is 'auto'; if it is                       given with no argument, 'always' is used.   --character-sets-dir=name                        Directory for character set files.   -d, --database=name List entries for just this database (local log only).   --debug-check       Check memory and open file usage at exit .   --debug-info        Print some debug info at exit.   -D, --disable-log-bin                        Disable binary log. This is useful, if you enabled                       --to-last-log and are sending the output to the same                       MySQL server. This way you could avoid an endless loop.                       You would also like to use it when restoring after a                       crash to avoid duplication of the statements you already                       have. NOTE: you will need a SUPER privilege to use this                       option.   -F, --force-if-open Force if binlog was not closed properly.   -f, --force-read    Force reading unknown binlog events.   -H, --hexdump       Augment output with hexadecimal and ASCII event dump.   -h, --host=name     Get the binlog from server.   -l, --local-load=name                        Prepare local temporary files for LOAD DATA INFILE in the                       specified directory.   -o, --offset=#      Skip the first N entries.   -p, --password[=name]                        Password to connect to remote server.   -P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in                       order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,                       /etc/services, built-in default (3306).   --position=#        Deprecated. Use --start-position instead.   --protocol=name     The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,                       memory).   -R, --read-from-remote-server                        Read binary logs from a MySQL server.   -r, --result-file=name                        Direct output to a given file.   --server-id=#       Extract only binlog entries created by the server having                       the given id.   --set-charset=name  Add 'SET NAMES character_set' to the output.   -s, --short-form    Just show regular queries: no extra info and no row-based                       events. This is for testing only, and should not be used                       in production systems. If you want to suppress                       base64-output, consider using --base64-output=never                       instead.   -S, --socket=name   The socket file to use for connection.   --start-datetime=name                        Start reading the binlog at first event having a datetime                       equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be                       a date and time in the local time zone, in any format                       accepted by the MySQL server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP                       types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should                       probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).   -j, --start-position=#                        Start reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the                       first binlog passed on the command line.   --stop-datetime=name                        Stop reading the binlog at first event having a datetime                       equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be                       a date and time in the local time zone, in any format                       accepted by the MySQL server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP                       types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should                       probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).   --stop-position=#   Stop reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the                       last binlog passed on the command line.   -t, --to-last-log   Requires -R. Will not stop at the end of the requested                       binlog but rather continue printing until the end of the                       last binlog of the MySQL server. If you send the output                       to the same MySQL server, that may lead to an endless                       loop.   -u, --user=name     Connect to the remote server as username.   -v, --verbose       Reconstruct SQL statements out of row events. -v -v adds                       comments on column data types.   -V, --version       Print version and exit.   --open_files_limit=#                        Used to reserve file descriptors for use by this program.

3. binarylog 쿼리 저장

1) binlog 텍스트로 변환

# mysqlbinlog [binlog 경로] > [파일이름]. sql ex) # mysql-bin.000001 > [파일명].sql

2) 특정 db 의 지정된 날짜동안의 binlog 텍스트 변환

# mysqlbinlog --database=[db명] --start-date="[yyyy-mm-dd 시간:분:초]" --stop-date="[yyyy-mm-dd 시간:분:초]"  [binlog 경로] > [파일명].sql ex) # mysqlbinlog --database=itsyou --start-date="2019-01-01 12:00:00" --stop-date="2019-01-03 19:00:00" mysql-bin.000002 > test.sql

3) 특정 db의 지정된 포지션 사이의 binlog 텍스트 변환

* start position 은 정확한 포지션을 지정해주어야함

# mysqlbinlog --databse=[db명] --start-position=[num] --stop-position=[num]  [binlog 경로] > 파일명.sql ex) # mysqlbinlog --databse=itsyou --start-position=1 --stop-position=10000 /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000003 > recover.sql

4. binlog 를 통한 복구

* 복구 전 기존 데이터는 백업 후 진행할 것

* 복구할 binlog 의 sql 파일이 db나 table 을 생성하는것부터 시작할 경우 (ex. create table / create database) 해당 table 이나 database 삭제 후 진행해야함

* 삭제된 db 나 table 을 복구할 경우 sql 파일 내에 불필요한 쿼리는 주석 후 복구할 것